γβalso/tooβ (replaces other particles)
γ means βalso/tooβ. It often replaces γ―/γ/γ/γ«/γ§ to add the meaning βalsoβ. For example: γγγγ― γγγγγ§γ β γγγγ γγγγγ§γ (Iβm also a student). It can also connect two items: Aγ Bγ (both A and B).
Key points
Quick reminders for how to use it.
- γ = also/too (addition).
- γ often replaces another particle (γ―/γ/γ/γ«/γ§).
- Aγ Bγ = both A and B.
Patterns
Common structures youβll see.
γγγγ γγ§γγ
watashi mo ~ desu.
I am also ~.
Aγ Bγ γγ§γγ
A mo B mo ~ desu.
Both A and B are ~.
γγγγ γγ§γγ
kyou mo ~ desu.
Today also ~.
γγγ«γ γγ γγγΎγγ
koko ni mo ~ ga arimasu.
There is also ~ here.
Common mistakes
Watch out for these.
- ΓForgetting that γ replaces the original particle (donβt keep both).
- ΓUsing γ when you donβt mean βalso/bothβ (it adds extra meaning).
- ΓConfusing Aγ¨B (and) with AγBγ (both).
Examples
Real sentences with notes.
γγγγ γγγγγ§γγ
watashi mo gakusei desu.
I am also a student.
π γ replaces γ― to add βalsoβ.
γγͺγγγγ γγΎγγ
tanaka-san mo kimasu.
Tanaka is coming too.
π Addition: Tanaka is included as well.
γγ³γ γγΉγΎγγ
pan mo tabemasu.
I eat bread too.
π γ replaces γ/γ― depending on structure; here it marks βbread alsoβ.
γ«γ»γγγ γγγγ γΉγγγγγγΎγγ
nihongo mo eigo mo benkyou shimasu.
I study both Japanese and English.
π Aγ Bγ = both.
γγγγ γγ€γγ§γγ
kyou mo atsui desu.
Itβs hot today too.
π Continues from earlier context (it was hot before too).
γγγ«γ γΏγγ γγγΎγγ
koko ni mo mise ga arimasu.
There is a store here too.
π γ added to γ«: βalso hereβ.
γ¬γΉγγ©γ³γ§γ γγΉγΎγγ
resutoran de mo tabemasu.
I eat at restaurants too.
π γ added to γ§: βalso at/inβ.
Compare with
Related particles to review next.